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高考物理知识点总结《变压器原理》考点特训（2017年冲刺版）(九)
2017-08-25 11:34:48
来源:91考试网
作者:www.91exam.org 【 大 中 小】
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1、选择题 如图，有一理想变压器，原副线圈的匝数比为n．原线圈接正弦交流电压U，输出端接有一个交流电流表和一个电动机．电动机线圈电阻为R．当输入端接通电源后，电流表读数为I，电动机带动一重物匀速上升．下列判断正确（ ）
A．原线圈中的电流为nI
B．变压器的输入功率为UI/n
C．电动机输出的总功率为I2R
D．电动机两端电压为IR
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2、选择题 如图所示，一只理想变压器的原、副线圈的匝数是10：1，原线圈接入电压为220V的正弦交流电源，一只理想二极管和一个阻值为16Ω的电阻R串联接在副线圈上，以下说法正确的是
[? ]
A．电压表的读数为22V
B．二极管两端的最大电压为22V
C．若将R换成一个阻值大于10Ω的电阻，则电流表的读数变小
D．1min内电阻R上产生的热量为1452J
3、选择题 理想变压器副线圈通过输电线接两个相同的灯泡L1和L2，输电线的等效电阻为R，开始时，开关S是断开的，如图所示，在S接通后，以下说法错误的是（ ）
A．灯泡L1两端的电压减小
B．通过灯泡L1的电流增大
C．原线圈中的电流增大
D．变压器的输入功率增大
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4、选择题 如图所示的电路中，有一个理想变压器，原线圈匝数为n1,串联一只小灯泡L1，再并联一只电压表V1后接在稳定的交流电源上；副线圈匝数为n2,串联灯泡 L2和变阻器R，L2上并联电压表V2．现在向下移动滑动变阻器R的滑动触头P下列判断正确的是?
A.V1读数将变大，V2读数将变小
B.V1读数不变，V2读数增大
C.灯泡L1和L2上消耗的功率都变小
D.灯泡L1及L2上电流强度Il、I2与变压器原副线圈匝数n1、n2成正比
5、选择题 通过一理想变压器，经同一线路输送相同的电功率P，原线圈的电压U保持不变，输电线路的总电阻为R．当副线圈与原线圈的匝数比为k时，线路损耗的电功率为P1，若将副线圈与原线圈的匝数比提高到nk，线路损耗的电功率为P2，则P1和style="shiti/data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABIAAAAtCAIAAAAsgKx4AAAAdklEQVRIieWUwQ7AIAhD+f+fdpcdDEUoZmLIeiQ+qQjI2JL8AhMQm00ddciTGNpeYjNjBFXIr8cS8/URlmJejPpfVeQwybCqSnnDjms2OFUYDmiscpM3sO6bK4H5V1Cby4gwluJsOSxsTgM7tblqMXxFs3mrwB7Ww1wVAKrGFAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" alt="">分别为（ ）
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考试问吧
