【动词的时态(三)】

一般将来时 过去将来时

1.一般将来时

(1)一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow, next week, next month, in a few days, from now on。如：

I’m going to visit the museum this Sunday.

I’ll be there in half an hour.

We’ll arrive tomorrow.

(2)一般将来时的构成

① be going to + 动词原形。Be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，否定句在be后面加not, 疑问句是将be放到主语之后。例如：

It’s going to be fine tomorrow.

He isn’t going to speak at the meeting.

What are you going to do next?

② will +动词原形。Will可以和各种人称及数的主语连用。否定句在will后加not,缩写成won’t，疑问句需将will提至主语之前。例如：

We will have a basketball match next week.

Will you come to the party?

I won’t lend it to you.

③ shall + 动词原形。此结构常用于主语为第人称I / we的句中，疑问句表示提建议或征来源:91考试 网求意见。如：

When and where shall we meet?

Shall I turn on the TV?

(3) 一般将来时的基本用法。

① “be going to +动词原形”表示“意图”，即打算、计划要做某事。如：

Are you going to post the letter?

How long is he going to stay here?

② “be going to + 动词原形”还可以表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生的事。如：

There are a lot of clouds. It’s going to rain.

It’s 7:50. I’m going to be late.

③ “will + 动词原形”表示客观上要发生的事或表示“带意愿色彩的将来”。如：

He will help you if you ask him.

They will come back tomorrow.

2.过去将来时

过去将来时表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。其结构与一般将来时类似，只需将助动词改为过去式。

am/ is/ are going to + 动词原形→was/ were going to + 动词原形

will + 动词原形→ would + 动词原形

should + 动词原形 → should + 动词原形

例如：

You knew I would come.

He asked me when he would see me again.

Jim said he was going to see his friend the next day.