基本句型就是基本的谓语结构的格局，千变万化的句型都是由它们演变而来的。英语的基本句型有五种，即

1. 主——系——表

2. 主——动

3. 主——动——宾

4. 主——动——宾——宾

5. 主——动——宾——宾补

现分述如下：

1. 主——系——表

常用的系动词除be, become, look ,seem, get, appear, feel外，还有grow, turn, remain, come, fall, hold , keep, stand, stay, smell, sound, taste 等。

The motor is out of order.

Her mother has fallen ill.

Silks feel soft and smooth.

2. 主——动

谓语动词是不及物动词，常带有状语。

The fruit store has closed.

The plane will take off soon.

They will fly to London.

3. 主——动——宾

谓语动词是及物动词，后面跟宾语。

The machine is drilling a hole.

The teacher corrected her poor pronunciation more than once.

4. 主——动——宾——宾

此句型中的谓语动词是带双宾语的及物动词。两个宾语中前一个为间接宾语，后一个为直接宾语。这类谓语动词除常见的give, bring, tell, send, leave, pass, read, write, take, show, teach, get,等外，还有award, lend, rent, buy, pay, hand, recommend.

The new way saved us much time.

Could you do me a favor please?

I paid the repairman fifty dollars.

5. 主——动——宾——宾补

此句型中的谓语动词除了一个直接宾语外，还要加上宾语补足语，句子才能完整。而且宾语与它的补足语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这样的及物动词有appoint, believe, call, catch, elect, keep, discover, like , feel, find, hear, prefer, prove, see, warn, make.

I found her rather difficult to work with.

She likes her guests to feel at home.

I warned him not to be late.

The police discovered the check hidden under a pile of papers.

You may leave the child in my care.

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