18. Male mandrills use yellow coloration to attract a mate.

答案为B(wrong).

相关句：Red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating.

19. Red is not an advantage for Zebra finches(斑胸草雀).

答案为B(wrong).

相关句：Scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male Zebra females, which increased the bird’s success in finding a mate.

20. The red plastic rings were left on the finches permanently.

答案为C（not mentioned）.

21. Hill and Barton believe athletes in red are more likely to win.

答案为A(right).

相关句：Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning.

22. Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sport uniforms.

答案为C(not mentioned)

相关句：the discovery of red’s advantage might lead to new regulations on sports uniforms.

第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

How technology pushes down price

    The Treaty of Breda, signed in 1667 after a war between the English and Dutch in which the English were worsted, gave the Dutch the big prize: Run, a small island in the Indonesian archipelago which was the world's principal source of nutmeg. The margin on nutmeg at the time was around 3,200%. The English, as a consolation prize, got Manhattan. As an illustration of the long-term fall in food prices compared with other goods, that is a sharp one. But deflation has characterized the food business for centuries, because of continual advances in food production and distribution technology.

    Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. Malthusians, whose descendants until quite recently predicted that the world would run out of food, have thereby been confounded. More and more food is being produced by fewer and fewer people with less and less capital; it is therefore ever more plentiful and cheaper. Since demand is to some extent limited by the size of people's stomachs, spending on food compared with other goods has been falling for many years, and continues to drop (see chart 4).

    Genetically modified (GM) seeds are the latest manifestation of a production revolution that started with Charles “Turnip” Townsend, who in the 18th century laid the basis for crop rotation. Organic fertilisers were replaced by chemical ones in the 19th century. The railway opened up the American mid-west. The horse replaced the cow, the combine harvester the horse. After the second world war, dwarf varieties of wheat and rice (which overcame the problem that heavily fertilised crops in hot countries grew too tall and fell over) boosted developing-country output. The “green revolution” helped trigger a more recent “livestock revolution”, documented by Chris Delgado, who works jointly for the International Food Policy Research Institute and the International Livestock Research Institute. Higher incomes and urbanisation, combined with falling food prices, have boosted meat and milk consumption in developing countries. By 1997, real beef prices were a third their level in 1971. Over that period, meat consumption in developing countries rose five-fold, three times as fast as in deve