The United States perceives itself to be a middle—class nation．However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges(特权)．It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II．The economy was growin9；more and more people owned their own homes；workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them；and nearly，everyone who wanted a higher education could have one．Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility.They may have started out poor，but they could become rich．Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility．In other words，they found themselves moving to and hving in a variety of places．
　　The middle class collectively holds several values and principles．One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one’s own economic fate．In addition，middle class morality(道德观)embraces principles of individual responsibility，importance of faraily，obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneself．
　　But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success．A U．S．News ＆World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet．Both spouses flow worked，as did some of the children；long commutes became routine；the need for child care put strains On the family；and public schools were not as good as they once were．Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat．The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing．
　　41．This passage gives information about__________．
　　A．a social and economic group
　　B．an individual
　　C．a political organization
　　D．a government department
　　42．In the years after World War II the middle class were__________．
　　A．over burdened and in debt
　　B．hard working and doubtful
　　C．happy and full of hope．
　　D．young and upset
　　43．One important middle—class value is that__________．
　　A．people should always have fun
　　B．children should believe in themselves
　　C．debt is nothing to worry about
　　D．they should earn enough to finance their lifestyles
　　44．In the second paragraph，the word“collectively”means__________．
　　A．hesitatingly
　　B．unknowingly
　　C．weakly
　　D．commonly
　　45．The 1994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class__________．
　　A，took pleasure in raising children
　　B．had a regular journey to work
　　C．could not earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles
　　D．could easily maintain their lifestyles
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分．共10分)
　　下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
　　Forests for Cities
　　You are standing in a beautiful forest in Japan．The air is clean and smells like plants and flowers。There are 175 different kinds of trees，and 60 kinds of birds live here．__________(46)You are downtown in the city of Nara，Japan，in Kasugayama Forest，the oldest urban forest in the world．It was started more than a thousand years a90，and today it’s very popular with tourists and artists．
　　Cities around the world are working to protect their urban forests．Some urhan forests are parks，and sonle are j ust streets with a lot of trees．But all urban forests have many good effects on the environment．__________ (47)They also stop the noise from heavy traffic．They even make the weather better because they make the air 3--5 degrees cooler，and they stop strong winds．
　　Urban forests also have many good effects on people．They make the city more beautiful．In a crowded area，they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature．__________ (48)
　　In some countries，people are starting new urban forests．In England，there are now 1．3 million trees in an urban forest called Thames Chase，east of London．It was started in 1990，and it has grown very fast．Walking and bicycle clubs use the forest，and there are programs for children and artists．__________ (49)
　　Some older cities don’t have space for a big urban forest，but planting trees on the streets makes the city better．Scientists found that commuters(通勤人员)feel more relaxed when they can see trees．
　　Trees are even good for business．__________ (50)In the future，urban forests will become even more important as our cities grow bigger．In the megacities(超大城市)of tomorrow，people will need more green space to live a comfortable life．Planting trees today will make our lives better in the future．
　　A．People spend more time at shopping centers that have trees．
　　B．In hot countries，urban forests are cool places for walking and other healthy exercises．
　　C．But you are not in rural area．
　　D．Trees take pollution out of the air．
　　E．In 2033,it will have 5 million trees．
　　F．It has many kinds of birds in the country．
第6部分：完形填空(第52～65题，每题1分，共15分)
　　下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
　　Traffic in Uur Cities
　　Tile volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand．This causes many problems，including serious air pollution，lengthy delays，and the greater risk__________ (51)accidents．Clearly，something must be done，but it is often difficult to persuade people to__________ (52)their habits and leave their cars at home．
　　One possible__________ (53)is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by__________ (54)charges for parking and__________ (55)tougher fines for anyone who__________ (56)the law．In addition，drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day．This system，__________ (57)as“road pricin9”，is already being introduced in a__________ (58)of cities，