第31~45题，每题3分，共45分 1、 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Giving Up SmokingAnumber of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine(尼古丁)patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的)discs applied to the skin.The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. Over time, the nicotine dose is reducedand eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum works in a similar manner,providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.Thebenefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to thehealth of the smoking and easily admission to social activities andinstitutions that ban smoking.In a 1988 report, the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarettesmoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine (可卡因), alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.TheUnited States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for severaldecades. The rate rose from 8 centsper pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, thecigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85percent in Denmark.Inthe United States, the first direct action to check smoking was the regulationof a warming on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in 1964 and wasstrengthened in 1969 to read:“Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined ThatCigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.”In 1971 all cigarette advertising wasbanned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiringnonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces.
参考答案： A
答案解析： 无
1Which of the following canhelp a person quit smoking?
参考答案： A
答案解析： 无
2Nicotine gum is used to help a smoker
参考答案： B
答案解析： 无
3Thebenefits of giving up smoking include all the following EXCEPT
参考答案： C
答案解析： 无
4Which of the following is said to be the most expensive and harmful?
参考答案： B
答案解析： 无
5Whichof the following is NOT mentioned as a step to control smoking?
2、 第二篇 Effects of Exercise on Elderly Diabetics(糖尿病人)Mostolder people with so-called type II diabetes(糖尿病)could stop taking insulin(胰岛素) if they would do briskexercise for 30 minutes just there times a week , according to new medicalresearch results reported in a Copenhagen newspaper, Results from tests conductedon diabetics at the Copenhagen central hospital Rigshospitalet’s Center forMuscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability tomake use of insulin by 30 per cent. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get fromtheir insulin medication(药物治疗) today.Researchershad a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II diabetes, allmore than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for threemonths. After the three months thedoctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could make use of asa measure for how well their insulin worked.AssociateProfessor Dr Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the testsdemonstrated that the exercising diabetics had made as good use of insulin asthe healthy non-diabetic persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both group. Physical exercise cannot cure people ofdiabetes, but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off thepoint at which they have to begin taking insulin,” Dela said.Insulinis a hormone produced by the pancreas(胰腺), controlling sugar in the body and is used against diabetes.Delasaid that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to thepoint where they begin to sweat, but that the activity has to be maintainedsince it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Mostdiabetics realize that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware ofthe importance of exercise, Dela added.
参考答案： B
答案解析： 无
1Whatis the effect of exercise on elderly people with type II diabetes?
参考答案： A
答案解析： 无
2The exercise that the researchers tried on their test subjects was
参考答案： C
答案解析： 无
3Theresearchers checked how well the test subjects’ insulin worked by measuring
参考答案： D
答案解析： 无
4Itis recommended that diabetics maintain sufficient exercise since otherwise
参考答案： A
答案解析： 无
5Itcan be seen from the passage that most diabetics are ignorant of
3、 第三篇 First AidFirstaid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until moreskillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certainvital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway(气道),and breathing , in minor emergencies, first aid may prevent avictim’s condition form turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered asquickly as possible. In the case of the criticallyinjured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery andloss of life.First-aidmeasures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge andskill. Knowing what not to do in anemergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neckinjury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury and paralysis(瘫痪). Despitethe variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to allemergencies. The first step is to call forprofessional medical help.The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has beenrequested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess, the scene, asking otherpeople or the injured person’s family or friends aboutdetails of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given,and preexisting conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble. The victim should be checkedfor a medical bracelet(手镯)or card that describesspecial medical conditions.Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer furtherinjury, do not move the victim.Firstaid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threateningconditions exist. One method for eva luating avictim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC, which stands for:A---Airway:Is it open and clear?B---Breathing:Is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.C---Circulation:Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color andtemperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
参考答案： D
答案解析： 无
1First aid may bring about allthe following results EXCEPT##A. saving a victim’s life.##B.preventing a victim’scondition from getting worse.##C.relieving a victim from pain.##D.helping a person avoid suddenillness or injury【答案】D【解析】无
参考答案： A
答案解析： 无
2Beforewe administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us
参考答案： C
答案解析： 无
3Inadministering first aid to a victim, you should first of all
参考答案： C
答案解析： 无
4Youmay assess a victim’s condition by all the following EXCEPT
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