A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

答案为： C.

22. TheTheory of Everything Is about the rules that everything in our………follow.

A.Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

第三部分概括大意与完成句子

Geothermal(地热) Energy

1 Since heat naturally moves from hotter regionsto cooler ones, the heat fromthe earth's center flows outwards towards thesurface. In this way. it transfersto the next layer of rock. If thetemperature is high enough, some of this rockmelts and forms magma (岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards theearth'ssurface. It often remains wen below the earth s surface, creating vastareas ofhot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allowrainwater todescend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back upto the earth'ssurface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, ifthis ascending hotwater reaches a layer of impermeable (不可渗透 的)rock, it remains trapped, forming ageothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are closeenough to the surface,they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water andsteam shoot up the wellsnaturally, and can be used to produce electricity ingeothermal power plants.

2 A few geothermal power plants depend ondry-steam reservoirs which producesteam but little or no water. In thesecases, the steam is piped up directly toprovide the power to spin a turbinegenerator. The first geothermal power plant,constructed at Lardarello inItaly, was of this type, and is still producingelectricity today.

3 Most currently operating geothermal powerplants are either "flash" steamplants or binary (双重的) plants. Flash plants produce mainly hotwater ranging intemperature from 300℃ to 700℃ Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one ortwo separatorswhere released from the pressure of the underground reservoir,itHashes" or boils into steam Again, the force of this steam provides theenergyto spin the turbine and produce electricity. The geothermal water andsteam arethen reinjected directly back down into the earth to maintain the volumeandpressure of the reservoir. Gradually they will be reheated and can then beusedagain.

4 A reservoir with temperatures below 300℃ Fahrenheit is not hot enough toflash seam but it can still be used togenerate electricity in a binary fluid.The steam from this(参照图片) isused to power the turbines. As in the flash steamplant, the geothermal water is recycled backinto the reservoir.

23.Paragraph 1_____C____

24.Paragraph 2____A_____

25.Paragraph 3____E_____

26.Paragraph 4____B_____

A. Dry steam plants

B. Binary plants

C. Origin of geothermal energy

D. Generation of electricity

E. Flash steam plants

F. Recyclable water and steam

27. A geothermal reservoir is formed when hotwater is trappedunder__B____.

28. A dry-steam reservoir produces steam with___D___.

29. Flash plants produce hot water through___C___.

30. In a binary plant, the heat of the geothermalwater can be convertedinto__A____.

A. the energy to turn a turbine

B. impermeable rock

C. one or two separators

D. turbine operator

E. little or no water

F. hot springs

 

第4部分：阅读理解(第31——45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Smart Windows

Windows not only let light in to cut downon electricity use for lighting, butthelight coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows arenotsomething people typically associate with an advanced technology.Reseachersare now working on new technologies that enable a window to quicklychange fromclear to dark and anything in between easily.

“It took us a long time to figure out whata window really is,”says ClaesGranqvist. He’s a professor of solid-statephysics at Uppsala University inSweden. “It contact with the outside world.You have to have visual contact withthe surrounding world to feel well.” So,windows and natural light are importantfor improving the way people feel whenthey’re stuck indoors

Yet. windows are the weak link in abuilding when it comes to energy andtemperature control. In winter cold airleaks in. When it’s hot and sunny,sunlight streams in. All of this sunlightcarries lots of heat and energy. Andall of this extra heat forces people toturn on their conditioners. Producingblasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing(使人清新的)，actually sucks upenormous amountsof electricity in buildings around the world.

Windows have been a major focus of energyresearch for a long time. Over theyears, scientists have come up with a varietyof strategies for coating, glazing(用玻覆盖)，and layeringwindows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows goa step further.They use chromogenic (发色的)technologies which involve changes ofcolor.

Electrochromic (电致色的)windows use electricity tochange color. For example, asheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemicalcompound such as tungstenoxide (氧化钨)works a bit like a batter. Tungsten oxides is clear when anelectriccharge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, whenthe amountof voltage(电压)is decreased, the window darkens until it’s completely darkafterall electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whetherthewindow looks clear or dark.

One important feature that makes a smartwindow so smart is that it has a sortof“memory”. All it takes is a small changeof voltage to turn the window from onestate to the other. Then, it stays thatway. Transits take anywhere from in10seconds to a few minutes, depending onthe size of the window. The development ofsmart windows could mean thatmassive air conditioning systems may no longer beneeded. “In thefuture,”Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.”

31. Which of the following of values ofwindows is NOT mentioned?

A. Theylet light in to brighten the house.

B. Theylet light in to heat the house.

C. Theylet us have visual contact with the surroun