Ⅳ、阅读理解。认真阅读下列两篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填入答题纸相应位置。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Passage  1
    Policemen, both in Britain and in the United States, hardly find anything in common between their lives and what they see on TV- if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don’t think much of them.
The first difference is that a policeman’s life is centered around the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove the crimes in court. He has to know nearly as much as a professional lawyer. What is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and in the rain, running down an alley after someone he wants to talk to.
Little of his time is spent in chatting with women of the street or in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminals. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty—or not –of stupid, petty crimes.
Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal. As soon as he is arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks –where failure to produce results affects the standing of the police –little effort is made in searching. The police have elaborate hi-tech devices which eventually show up most wanted men.
Having made an arrest, a detective starts to work. To prove his case in court, he often has to gather a lot of different evidence. Much of the evidence has to be given by people who don’t want to get involved. So a detective has to be out all hours of the day and night interviewing the witnesses and persuading them to help him.
A third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant moral twilight in which the real one lives. The  detective is subject to two opposing pressures: first, as a member of the police he always has to behave with absolute legality; second, as an expensive public servant he has to get results. He can hardly ever do both. Most of the time he has to break the rules in small ways.
If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth. And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-mindedness-as he sees it-of citizens, social workers, doctors, lawmakers, and judges, who, instead of stamping out crime, punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, he feels, is that nine-tenths of his work is re-catching people who should have stayed behind bars. This makes him rather cynical.
51．It is essential for a policeman to be trained in criminal law______.
A．so that he can catch criminals in the street
B．so that he can justify his arrests in court
C．because many of the criminals he has to catch are dangerous
D．because he has to know nearly as much about the law as a lawyer
52．The everyday life of a policeman or detective is_____.
A．exciting and glamorous
B．full of danger
C．devoted mostly to routine matters
D．wasted on unimportant matters
53．When murders and terrorist attacks occur the police_____.
A．prefer to wait for the criminal to give himself away
B．make much effort in trying to track down their man
C．try to make a quick arrest to keep up their reputation
D．usually fail to produce results
54．The real detective lives in “an unpleasant moral twilight”(L. 2, Para. 6) partly because _____.
A．he is an expensive pubic servant
B．he works under constant pressure to get results
C．he feels himself to be cut off from the rest of the world
D．he is obliged to break the law slightly in order to keep it
55．The detective is rather cynical because _____.
A．society does not punish criminals severely enough
B．nine-tenths of his work involves arresting people
C．hardly anyone tells him the truth
D．too many criminals escape from jail