浙江省2003年7月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题
课程代码：00096
Ⅰ.Choose one answer that best explains the underlined part of the following statements or best completes them:(30%)
1.It is reported that China will carry out some massive tariff cuts.(     )
  A. a lot of     B. solid
  C. severe     D. big in degree

2.The trade surge is regarded as a natural result of the new policy.(     )
  A. increase     B. strengthening
  C. appearance     D. reconstruction

3.The deficit of this company last year was 1 million yuan.(     )
  A. surplus     B. shorthand
  C. shortage     D. shortfall

4.Speculators profited handsomely from the price fluctuation of the 1990s.(     )
  A. stability     B. flexibility
  C. volatility     D. regulation

5.Periods of inflation and deflation had alternated for generations.(     )
  A. altered     B. merged
  C. become different           D. happened by turns

6.The successful outcome to negotiations is expected to boost trade between the two countries.(     )
  A. stop     B. stimulate
  C. decrease            D. add to

7.Facing the challenge of cheap American corn in the 1870s,Danish farmers developed a lucrative market exporting butter, eggs, and bacon to the UK.(     )
  A. smooth    B. profitable
  C. substantial   D. sophisticated

8.The combined industrial output of the 15 coastal areas is reportedly equal to a quarter of the nation’s total.(     )
  A. together     B. gather
  C. single     D. separated

9.The negotiators knew that delay would jeopardize approval of any agreement by America’s Congress.(     )
  A. cancel     B. promote
  C. endanger     D. negate

10.Europe,wrapped up in project 1992 and its plans for economic and monetary union,has a vision of its own.(     )
  A. protected by    B. troubled by
  C. concentrated on    D. weakened by

11.The Uruguay round was an American initiative.(     )
  A. started and promoted by America  B. in favour of America
  C. controlled by America   D. important to America

12.Like tariffs, they distort prices.(     )
  A. stabilize prices    B. lower prices
  C. increase prices    D. change prices artificially

13.Western companies are supposed to be the masters of innovation.(     )
  A. newly introduced ideas or methods
  B. market research
  C. effective production
  D. sophisticated products

14.And falling a small step behind is not so threatening once brand loyalty has been established.(     )
  A. popularity of a product   B. trust in the product and company tha来源：www.91exam.orgt produces it
  C. the role of a best-seller   D. years to establish a brand

15.This route shields the buyer from the risks and uncertainties of off-shore procurement.(     )
  A. cultural difference in supply markets
  B. obtainment of products from foreign countries
  C. special requirement of overseas suppliers
  D. complete ignorance of foreign gesture languages

Ⅱ.Translate the following phrases into Chinese:(10%)
16.brain trust
17.anti-inflation monetary policy
18.preferential tax rate
19.commodity market
20.manufactured goods
21.trade reprisal
22.joint venture law
23.foreign exchange reserves
24.in prospect
25.vested interests

Ⅲ.Translate the following phrases into English:(10%)
26.外商独资
27.自然资源
28.国内生产总值
29.供需
30.市场导向
31.商业周期
32.质量证书
33.贸易逆差
34.市场力量
35.活期帐户

Ⅳ.Read the following passages and answer the following questions in English:(24%)
Passage 1
    Output for the developing countries advanced by 1.9 percent during 1991—comparable to the weak performance they registered in 1990.In terms of per capita income, real output in developing countries apparently eased somewhat by 0.1 percent. A number of factors—some broadbased, others more specific—contributed to the weakness of performance.
    Because slowdown in industrial country growth dampened demand for exports of both primary commodities and manufacturers from developing countries, the volume of merchandise exports of developing countries declined by 2 per cent.

36.What does ″output″ refer to in the first sentence and what does ″ease″ mean in ″real output in developing countries apparently eased…″?
37.How do you understand ″broad-based(factors)″ and ″more specific(factors)″?
38.What is ″merchandise exports″?What is the other kind of trade?

Passage 2
    What the statistics do not reveal is how much is unofficially re-exported from the country. This is acknowledged by Dubai’s customs department.″The re-exported figures are indicative of markets rather than volumns″,a spokesman says.″If you add up the import figures and work out that 85 percent of it is supposed to stay in the country then the UAE would be the best stocked warehouse in the world.″
39.Do the UAE’s statistics on trade show the volumn of all its re-exports?
40.What is meant by ″The re-exported figures are indicative of markets rather than volumns″?
41.What does ″stay″ in the sentence ″… 85 percent of it is supposed to stay in the country …″ mean and imply?

Ⅴ.Read the following two passages and decide whether the statements are true or false. Mark T for true and F for false in the brackets given:(15%)
Passage 1
    The Japanese economy remains in trouble, with output falling two quarters in a row for the first time in decades. An appreciation of more than 15 percent in real terms in the yen over the past two years has hurt Japanese competitiveness, Dornbush notes. The fiscal package to stimulate the economy, to be implemented next April,″will help some but not much″.
    At best, Dornbush predicts, the Japanese economy will grow a real 1 percent next year.″Japan is in a situation which business is singularly ill-equipped to handle. The entire belief system of decades—superiority of the Japanese culture and business system, sustained growth, social cohesion, lifetime employment, accommodating finance, the US can be managed—are all up for grabs. Bad news!″
    Outside Japan, Asia booms. China tried to slow down its economy, but apparently abandoned that effort at a Communist Party meeting last month. Growth in national output is expected to run at an astonishing 13 percent in 1993.
    South Korea has its woes, and so do a few other economies, Dornbush notes. But ″There are no major obstacles to continued growth in Asia: saving rates are high, access to external capital is plentiful, and the world trading system is staying open. Asia cannot fail to do well.″

Statements:
42.The fiscal package to simulate the economy, to be implemented the next April, would help Japan to solve its economic problem completely.(     )
43.The high value of the yen has contributed to the incompetitiveness of Japanese manufacturers.(     )
44.The Japanese people have lost their total confidence in the belief system built up over many years.(     )
45.Asia countries, having solved all their problems, are going to fare through next year.(     )
46.China’s national output growth running at 13% is considered very high and implausible.(     )

Passage 2
    The president of a small bank in Oakland, near San Francisco, wants restrictive legislation to be passed to limit the growth of foreign banks in the State of California.?
    ″The rush is on,″says Mr Michael Rafton.″Already we have 26 agencies and branches of foreign banks doing business in California and a dozen state-chartered, foreign-owned banks with some 100 banking offices. Their impact can no longer be ignored—and this is just the start.″
    Many foreign-owned banks, particularly the Japanese, Mr Rafton complains, are subsidiaries of industrial and commercial companies ″whose size staggers the imagination″.Some offer low loan rates on their national products—especially cars. The purpose is not to make money for the bank, but to boost exports. Foreign banks, he says, should be required to be independent of firms at home. He believes they enjoy a number of unfair advantages over American banks as well. A foreign bank may, for example, engage in security transaction and investment banking, set up branches in more than one state, and carry out other activities not permitted to US banks.

Statements:
47.The number of foreign banks is still increasing in the state of California.(     )
48.Some Japanese banks offer low loan rates on their national products in order to make more money.(     )
49.According to Mr Rafton, foreign banks should be separated from their firms in their own countries.(     )
50.The U.S. banks are permitted to carry out the same activities as the foreign banks,so the competition is fair.(     )
51.Banks in the United States are allowed to be involved in security transactions.(     )

Ⅵ.Translate the following passage into Chinese:(11%)
    In the case of some ″temperate″ agricultural products, such as the grains, on the other hand, there is a particularly severe glut of supplies, and world market prices are continuing to decline under the influence of a price-cutting war between the US and EEC.The US is also setting out this year to arrest the decline in its exports of soyabeans, cotton, tobacco and rice—with potentially devastating consequences for many producers of these commodities in the Third World.