浙江省2003年7月高等教育自学考试

　　英语国家概况试题

　　课程代码：00522

　　Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide which are true and which are false by putting T for true or F for false.(20%)

　　1.The first shot of the American Independence War was fired at Fort Sumter.

　　2.When the First World War broke out, the U.S. President Wilson immediately declared war against Germany.

　　3.Historically,Ireland had been free of ethnic conflicts because of racial homogeneity.

　　4.Western Australia is the biggest Australian state, while Tasmania is the smallest state.

　　5.January 6 is celebrated as New Zealand National Day, Waitangi.

　　6.English colonial expansion began with the colonization of Newfoundland in 1583.

　　7.When the Korean War broke out in June,1950,Marshall sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.

　　8.Bilingualism,an effort to recognize the rights of Canada’s French-speaking minority, has had its desired effect.

　　9.All Irish newspapers are privately and domestically owned. Attempts for foreign control have been vigorously opposed.

　　10.After heated debates by the British Parliament, capital punishment for murder was restored in Britain.

　　11.In Britain, the Parliament’s main functions are law-making, authorization of taxation and pubilc expenditure, and examination of the actions of the Government.

　　12.The universities of Oxford and Cambridge, popularly known as Oxbridge, date from the 12th and 13th centuries.

　　13.In September,1774,the First International Congress was held in Philadelphia.

　　14.In the 1920s,Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as the Black Renaissance.

　　15.National newspapers in Britain are popularly divided into 3 groups: quality, popular and mid-market papers on the basis of differences in style and content.

　　16.The typical organizational pattern for elementary and secondary schools in the US is that of graded schools.

　　17.Ireland is a planned economy with a dominant private sector.

　　18.The most typical English sports is skating which has been in existence since the 16th ecntury.

　　19.The Union army under the command of Ulysses Grant defeated the Confederate army at Gettysburg.

　　20.The Mississippi has been called “father of waters” or “old man river”.

　　Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks with appropriate information.(10%)

　　1.British recorded history began with the _____ invasion.

　　2.In the Civil Wars of 1640s in Britain, the King’s men were called ,and the supporters of Parliament were called Roundheads because of their short haircuts.

　　3.The First World War was fought primarily between the European power blocs: the “_____”,and the “Allies”.

　　4.Since its independence, Ireland has adhered to a policy of _____ and nonalignment.

　　5.The Queen is represented in Canada by _____,who is appointed on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.

　　6.The _____ Treaty was signed on April 4,1949.

　　7.At the turn of the 20th century, a group of reform-minded journalists made investigations and exposed various dark side of the seemingly prosperous society. President Theodore Roosevelt called them the _____.

　　8.Abraham Lincoln issued the famous “_____”,which granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.

　　9.By law any natural-born American citizen of and over _____ years of age can run for the Presidency.

　　10.The narrow channel which separates England from France is known as the Channel.

　　Ⅲ.Multiple Choices(24%)

　　In the following statements, there is only one correct choice for each blank, fill in the blanks with the letter corresponding to the information you choose.

　　1._____ means making verdicts by relying on traditions and conventions.

　　A. Equity law B. Common law

　　C. Parliament acts D. Constitution

　　2.The nobles forced King John to sign _____ on June 15,1215.

　　A. the Great Charter B. the People’s Charter

　　C. the Declaration of Btreda D. the Bill of Rights

　　3.Britain’s climate is characterized by _____.

　　A. cold winter and hot summer

　　B. spring all the year round

　　C. fog and drought

　　D. mild temperature and plentiful rainfall

　　4.The most important advantage the North had over the South in the Civil War was its _____.

　　A. superior military leadership B. European allies

　　C. industrial superiority D. largest population

　　5.The First Continental Congress was attended by the representative from all the colonies except _____.

　　A. Delaware B. Pennsylvania

　　C. Georgia D. Texas

　　6.The House of Lords is presided over by _____.

　　A. Lord Chancellor B. the Chancellor of the Exchequer

　　C. PM D. the monarch

　　7.World War II began after the fall of _____.

　　A. Czechoslovakia B. Albania

　　C. Poland D. Hungary

　　8.The first Christian Church was built at _____ in England.

　　A. London B. Manchester

　　C. Canterbury D. Oxford

　　9.The Pentagon is a large building which houses the US _____ Department.

　　A. Foreign Affairs B. Defense

　　C. Cultural D. Development

　　10.The names of Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from the names of _____ gods.

　　A. Christian B. the US

　　C. Germany D. Canada

　　11._____ was the first nation to build a large iron and steel industry.

　　A. Britain B. The U.S.

　　C. Germany D. Canada

　　12.In Ireland, the head of state is the president, elected by direct suffrage for a term of _____ years.

　　A. four B. five

　　C. six D. seven

　　13.In the late 19th century, Canada’s first native composer,_____, wrote the music for “O Canada”, now used as Canada’s national anthem.

　　A. Calixa Lavallee B. Clarence Gagnon

　　C. Tom Thompson D. Moshe Safdie

　　14.The top of Australia’s judicial system is the _____.

　　A. Supreme Court B. High Court

　　C. Federal Court D. Family court 15.In 1982,the Falkland Island War broke out between Britain and _____.

　　A. Argentina B. Brazil

　　C. Peru D. Columbia

　　16.The three summit meetings the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain held were first at Teheran, second at _____,and third at Potsdam.

　　A. Ankara B. Yalta

　　C. Paris D. Rome

　　17.It is traditionally believed that Australia was chosen by the Britain as _____.

　　A. a gold mining colony B. a testing centre

　　C. experimental farm D. a penal colony

　　18.Today,about half of the two million Native Indians in the United States live on the 278 _____.

　　A. reservations B. special zones

　　C. ghettoes D. national tourist spots

　　19.Because of _____,the population in Ireland shrank from 8.2 million by 1841 to 6.6 million within the next 20 years.

　　A. the Black Death B. the Crusade

　　C. the Great Flood D. the Great Famine

　　20.Nearly three fourths of the New Zealanders live in _____,due to the mild climate there.

　　A. South Island B. Stewart Island

　　C. North Island D. Hamilton

　　21.The President publicly takes on an oath of office, which is administered by the _____ of the United States.

　　A. Chief Justice B. Speaker of the House

　　C. Head of the Senate D. Chief Minister

　　22._____ is the pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens.

　　A. Walt Whitman B. Mark Twain

　　C. Bret Harte D. Henry

　　23.Which country didn’t join the League of Nations at last?

　　A. The U.S. B. Italy

　　C. France D. Germany

　　24.In 1971,the Canadian Government adopted a policy of _____,recognizing that cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework was th来源:91考试网e essence of the Canadian identity.

　　A. unilingualism B. multilingualism

　　C. biculturalism D. multiculturalism

　　Ⅳ.Explain any three of the following in English(15%)

　　1.Watergate Scandal

　　2.Referendum

　　3.The Irish Republican Army

　　4.British Disease

　　5.School of the Air

　　Ⅴ.Questions(31%)

　　1.What is the Bill of Right? How did it come into being?

　　2.What were the main contents of the Thatcherism ?