全国2002年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题
课程代码：00838
第一部分  选择题
Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)
1.“_______”is often used in polite conversations to refer to the“old people”.
  A.Experienced people            B.Glorious citizens
  C.Aging people                   D.Senior citizens

2.“A Pandora's box”refers to a present or something _______.
  A.which seems valuable but brings misfortune
  B.which brings happiness but look ugly
  C.which a bride traditionally gives to a bridegroom
  D.which can create anything its owner wants

3.Eliot is a _______.
  A.religious name             B.flower name
  C.weapon name                       D.name of authority

4.Connotative meaning is the _______ an expression has.
  A.social circumstance         B.basic meaning
  C.communicative value         D.positive effect

5.The routine remark, which is often the closing sentence of a letter of request,_______.
  A.comes first                 B.is obligatory
  C.comes second                       D.is optional

6.“Rescue mission” has been used in the American mass media as the euphemism for “_______”.
  A.invasion                           B.psywar
  C.surgical strike              D.pre-emptive strike

7.“She is besieged by suitors”illustrates the metaphor that _______.
  A.love is a physical force       B.love is madness
  C.love is magic                       D.love is war

8.Your partner may support you or change to another suit._______ you should respond.
  A.Still                        B.In either case
  C.Anyway                            D.At least

9.Most planet's names in solar system are derived from _______.
  A.Greek                    B.Latin
  C.fairy tales                 D.Greco-Roman mythology

10.“Lowboy” corresponds to _______.
  A.矮个子男孩                          B.矮脚抽屉柜
  C.半高啤酒瓶                          D.小板凳

11.When people shake hands _______.
  A.both men and women usually take off their gloves before they shake hands
  B.men usually take off gloves before they shake hands
  C.neither men nor women take off gloves
  D.men extend their  hands first

12.“A Chauvinist pig” refers to a person who believes that women are _______.
  A.inferior                     B.sociable
  C.frail                        D.prone to tears

13.In British English, to gain the attention of a stranger, speakers often rely on _______.
  A.“Excuse me”            B.“Hello”
  C.“Miss/Ma'am/Mister/Sir”     D.“Hi”

14.In the English proverb “form his foot, you may know Hercules”,“Hercules” refers to _______.
  A.a British hero               B.an American hero
  C.a mythical Greek hero        D.a Roman hero

15.Staring or gaping during a conversation is considered _______ in English culture.
  A.curious                            B.surprised
  C.trustworthy                        D.impolite

16.“It's important how you package your ideas” illustrated the metaphor that _______.
  A.ideas are commodities      B.ideas are resources
  C.ideas are money            D.ideas are fashions

17.Raising one's closed hand to his head with the forefinger and the thumb stretching out and the forefinger pointing to his temple means “_______”.
  A.Let me think             B.Use your head
  C.Kill yourself              D.I have a headache

18.The idiomatic expression “to pull one's leg”means _______.
  A.to tease somebody          B.to run away
  C.to praise somebody         D.to be angry with somebody

19._______ blossoms defiantly in winter against the cold weather and thus is the symbol of endurance in Chinese culture.
  A.Rose                   B.Orchid
  C.Chrysanthemum            D.Peony

20.The English expression _______ corresponds to “昙花一现”in Chinese.
  A.not in a hundred years      B.to keep one's own company
  C.to miss the boat            D.a nine days wonder

Ⅱ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.(10%)
21.In English speaking countries,_______ at crowded public places such as airports are acceptable.
  A.handshaking             B.shoulder clapping
  C.kissing                 D.hugging

22.It has been claimed that the linear text development is related to _______.
  A.the linear thinking pattern
  B.the directness in personality traits
  C.linear language patterns
  D.direct speech

23.When English speakers accept an invitation,they may say _______.
  A.“That's very kind of you. Thank you.”
  B.“That would be very nice. Thank you.”
  C.“Thank you very much. I’ll try to come.”
  D.“I'll go if I am free.”

24.Affective meaning is communicated when _______ are expressed directly or indirectly in language.
  A.communicative values         B.attitudes
  C.feelings                     D.referential meanings

25.“To ride one's high horse” means _______.
  A.to be energetic             B.to be haughty
  C.to be proud                 D.to be arrogant

26._______ are unintentional behaviours.
  A.Emblems                  B.Regulators
  C.Affect displays            D.Adapters

27.In English culture “green” is often associated with _______.
  A.fruit and vegetables        B.unhappy feelings
  C.vigour and energy          D.something best

28.“不敢当”as a response to a praise can be translated into “_______”.
  A.It's very kind of you to say so
  B.I'm not worthy of the praise
  C.Thank you
  D.I do not deserve the praise

29.In the following statements,_______ is right.
  A.English has more grammatical morphemes than Chinese.
  B.English has been losing its grammatical morpheme and becoming more and more similar to Chinese.
  C.In English,if the context makes clear what the subjects and objects are,they do not have to occur.
  D.Grammatical subjects and objects occur more frequently in English than in Chinese.

30.The English idiomatic expression “milk and water” means _______.
  A.something feeble          B.something important
  C.something colourless      D.something inoffensive

第二部分  非选择题
Ⅲ.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(12%)
31.The English equivalent of 令尊 is ______.

32.“2000年7月25日下午5点”can be translated into ______.

33.The prefix “super-” and suffices “-logy”,“-ics” are all from ______.

34.The precise,scientific measurements of time counted in ordered, logical sequences are referred to as ______ time.

35.They needn't expect to be given the ______ carpet treatment. This is a factory,not a country club.

36.People have to speak a language according to its ______.

37.“Ticket office” corresponds to ______ in British English.

38.Cultures that allow people to interact at a close distance are referred to as ______ cultures.

39.If two or more sentences in a text are just juxtaposed without any connectives in between,they are ______ related.

40.“A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” means the ______ between the word and the object it refers to.

41.The English equivalent for “令人毛骨悚然” is ______.

42.The expression “the forbidden fruit” alludes to characters and events in ______.

Ⅳ.Answer the following questions briefly:(12%)
43.Do you think that as a result of the Woman's Liberation Movement sexism has disappeared from English?
44.How do the Chinese show respect to elderly people or people of higher status when offering something to or receiving something from them?
45.Does “a marriage of convenience” convey the same meaning as “送上门的婚姻”?
46.What is the English equivalent for “红茶”?
47.What cross-cultural contrast can you find between English and Chinese responses to compliments?
48.What is the temporal relation between two or more successive sentences?

Ⅴ.Translation:(16%)
49.He expired early in the morning.
50.Those who want to visit the museum please sign their names here.
51.Frugality is an estate alone.
52.1607 marked the beginning of f来源：www.91exam.orgounding British colonies in North America.
53.敬请光临敝校。
54.智者千虑，必有一失。
55.在中国文化中，兰花代表纯洁、高贵和宁死不屈的个性。
56.英语新闻往往在报道消息的同时还让读者开心。

Ⅵ.Define the following terms:(10%)
57.allusion
58.casual-personal zone
59.honourific
60.Key Questions model
61.hypotactic relations

Ⅶ.Discuss the following topics:(20%)
62.Discuss the cross-cultural difference between English and Chinese thanks.
63.Explain what functions nonverbal messages perform in human communication.