副 词

一、概述

副词是用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词，表示动作的特征、状态的特征或某种性质的程度。

二、副词的分类

时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、疑问副词及程度副词。

1、时间副词：时间副词表达的内涵包括回答“什么时候”或“经常与否”

A: how, then, yesterday, last time, today, just now, later on, so far, ago;

B: always, often, usually, sometimes, never, hardly, ever;

C: already, yet, late, early, soon, at once, at last, finally, at first, since;

2、地点副词：表示地点或位置关系的副词。

A: here, there, home, anywhere, everywhere;

B: above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, over, round, away, near;

注：B类中表示位置的副词有时也可作介词。

如：Come in, please.----- They live in the next room.

3、方式副词：badly, carefully ,politely, sadly, suddenly, happily, well, fast, high, hard.

4、 程度副词：常见的有: much, a little, a bit, very, even, so, too, enough, quite, rather, completely, terribly, nearly, hardly, not at all。这些副词多用来修饰形容词、副词或动词以加强语气。

5、 疑问副词：是用来引导一个特殊问句，有时用来引导时间状语从句或宾语从句。

疑问副词有：how, when, where, why

6、部分副词的用法：

1)too, either, also都是表示“也”。

too和either都用于句末，too用于肯定句中，either用于否定句及一般疑问句中，also放在句子中，be动词前，实义动词后。

2)so, neither都可以用在倒装句的开头。

so接在肯定句后表示“也一样& rdquo;，句式：so+助动词+主语;

neither接在一个否定句后面表示“也不，没…….”

句式：neither+助动词+主语

I have read the book, so has he.

Jim didn’t win the game, neither did Tom.

3)already, yet

already 和yet通常用于现在完成时中，already用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句中。

He has already finished his homework.

Jim hasn’t come back yet.

7、副词的比较等级

副词和形容词一样，也有比较级和最高级，其变化形式与形容词的比较级和最高级一样。