微信搜索关注"91考试网"公众号,领30元,获取公务员、事业编、教师等考试资料40G!
portance in the German workplace, and a number of QWL practices are employed to make the work motivational. One, which is employed in manufacturing, is the use of “work islands” whereby the workers can rotate jobs while following the assembly from the first to the last step of the process. Each worker in the team can perform different functions throughout the day. A second method is the use of individual work stations in which the worker assembles a major subcomponent of the total product such as an electric motor for a clothes dryer. This work cycle usually takes about 15 minutes and is designed to maintain worker interest and keep productivity at an optimum level. A third typical QWL work modification is to make the work easier to perform by, for example, lightening the physical load under which the person works.
Another interesting QWL concept is the flexiyear schedule, under which the workers determine when they want to work throughout the year. The total number of hours is equal to the regular annual total but it is not necessary to work the same number of hours each week. The workers are able to choose those times of the year when they want to work less hours and management uses this information to balance its projected work and personnel demands.
Management worked with the staff to develop a monthly accounting system by which an employee did not have to work a fixed number of hours per month. Management came to an agreement with employees whereby daily and weekly hours could be chosen rather freely, although employees were warned not to ignore the necessities of their particular jobs. The result was that employees worked less when there was less work to be done or when they wanted time off, and worked more when the work had to be done.
The flexiyear idea has been used in other types of companies as well, including a trade firm in which the work schedules of the employees were matched with customer demands and these data served as the basis for annual personnel planning and work schedules. The idea seems to work well in those industries where flexible work schedules can be arranged based on customer demand forecasts and can result in reduced absenteeism, improved family relations, and higher work morale.
1. Quality of the work life (QWL) is very important in .
A. Japan
B. Germany
C. Australia
D. America
2. According to the passage, quality of the work life (QWL) practices include the following except .
A. The workers can rotate jobs throughout the day.
B. The workers assemble a major subcomponent of the total product.
C. The work is made easier to perform by.
D. Each worker in the team can only perform same functions in one day.
3. According to the passage, we can’t draw a conclusion on the flexiyear schedule that .
A. The flexiyear schedule belongs to quality of the work life (QWL).
B. Under the flexiyear schedule, the workers can determine how long they work in one year.
C. It is unnecessary to work the same number of hours each week.
D. The workers are able to reduce their work time when they want time off in one week.
4. Under the flexiyear schedule, management should do the following except .
A. work with the staff to develop a monthly accounting system by which an employee need not work a fixed number of hours per month
B. come to an agreement with employees whereby daily and weekly hours can be chosen rather freely
C. work more when an
考试问吧
