每题1分,共8分 1、 The fridgeThe fridge isconsidered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food firstappeared with the label: store in the refrigerator.In my fridgelessFifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, thegrocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or threetimes a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread andmilk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted and we were never troubledby rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetablesare almost unobtainable in the country.The invention ofthe fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. Avast variety of well-tried techniques already existed -- natural cooling,drying, smoking, slating, sugaring, bottling…What refrigerationdid promote was marketing -- marketing hardware and electricity, marketing softdrinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a goodprice.##C.onsequently,most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in thetropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mildtemperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter,millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expanse, busilymaintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house --while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, whileits contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself. Invest in a food cabinetand turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at leastyou’ll get ride of that terrible humA. The invention ofthe fridgeB. The pollutioncaused by fridgesC. The widespreadneed for fridgesD. The days withoutthe fridgeE. The waste ofenergy caused by fridgesF. The fridge’s contribution to commerce

参考答案：     

答案解析： 段首句(观点句)说“在我童年的时候还没有冰箱, 但是我吃的很好, 吃的是很健康的食物”,接着提到了“送奶工每天送奶,食品商等每周几次的送货” , 这在内容上是具体说明“没有使用冰箱时生活的情况”, 在该段最后一句中提到“三十年过去了, 供货者已经不再送食物(上门)了,…”,结合该句内容不难推断该段中前面部分的主要内容是有关“没有冰箱”时生活情况的描述,因此判断D (没有冰箱的日子)是答案.

1Paragraph 2 ________ The fridgeThe fridge isconsidered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food firstappeared with the label:

参考答案：     

答案解析： 段首句是观点句, 该句说“冰箱的确促进了市场销售”,而“marketing(市场销售)”这个词也是在段落中反复出现, 因此判断选项中应该出现与该词相呼应的词或内容, 因此判断F(commerce(贸易)与marketing(销售)呼应)是答案.

2Paragraph 4 ________ The fridgeThe fridge isconsidered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food firstappeared with the label:

参考答案：     

答案解析： 该段段首句很长,但是注意到段首句中出现了由转折词but所引导的转折句(段首句/段未句中的转折分句处的句意往往很可能是段落的主题句), 该部分内容说“但是(世界上绝大多数的冰箱被发现是用在那些气候温和的,富有国家里, 这些国家从气候上说几乎是没有必要使用冰箱.)”, 借助这部分内容判断E(由冰箱所造成的能源浪费)是答案的最佳选项.

3Paragraph 5 ________ The fridgeThe fridge isconsidered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food firstappeared with the label:

参考答案：     

答案解析： 段首句是观点句, 该句说“冰箱对环境的影响一直是很显著的(借助常识和背景知识, 我们能意识到这里所说“对环境的影响”是指“对环境的污染”), 而冰箱对人类所带来的幸福却是微不足道的”, 这个句子很明确地反映了作者的观点, 对比剩下的被选项, 判断B(冰箱所带来的污染)是最佳的选项.

4Paragraph 6 ________ The fridgeThe fridge isconsidered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food firstappeared with the label:

2、 A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. weredeliveredB. it has promotedthe sales of many kinds of commoditiesC. foods can bepreservedD. most kids likeiced soft drinksE. every housewifeneeds foodF. the fridgeproduced when it is working

参考答案： A    

答案解析： 空格所在句子的基本时态(主句时态)是一般过去时, 所以空格所在的结构(从句结构)应该是过去时态的一种,所以只有A, D,F可能是答案.从搭配语意(在冰箱开始使用之前, 因为牛奶,肉, 蔬菜等食物都会送上门, 所以人们仍然可能获得新鲜的食物.)上看, A最合适.

1Before fridges came into use, it was stillpossible for people to have fresh foods because ____________________. A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. weredeliveredB. it has promotedthe sales of many kinds of commoditiesC. foods can bepreservedD. most kids likeiced soft drinksE. every housewifeneeds foodF. the fridgeproduced when it is working

参考答案：     

答案解析： 从搭配语意(冰箱的发明并没有提供出一种新型的, 经济的方法来保存食物.)上看, C最合适.

2The invention of the fridge has not provideda new, economical way in which ____________________. A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. weredeliveredB. it has promotedthe sales of many kinds of commoditiesC. foods can bepreservedD. most kids likeiced soft drinksE. every housewifeneeds foodF. the fridgeproduced when it is working

参考答案：     

答案解析： 空格前面部分的内容说“冰箱的发明所作出的一个重要的贡献是…”,我们在解答概括大意部分的题时,已经了解到“市场销售/贸易”是“冰箱的贡献”, 对比剩下的选项, 判断B(冰箱促进了各种商品的销售)是答案.

3.An important contribution made by theinvention of the fridge is that ______________. A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. weredeliveredB. it has promotedthe sales of many kinds of commoditiesC. foods can bepreservedD. most kids likeiced soft drinksE. every housewifeneeds foodF. the fridgeproduced when it is working

参考答案：     

答案解析： 空格前面部分的内容说“如果你停止使用冰箱, 至少你不会被…噪音所影响.”, 从搭配语意上直接选择F(当冰箱工作时产生的).

4If you stop using the fridge, at least youwon’t be troubled by the noise____________________. A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. weredeliveredB. it has promotedthe sales of many kinds of commoditiesC. foods can bepreservedD. most kids likeiced soft drinksE. every housewifeneeds foodF. the fridgeproduced when it is working

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