IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)

41. What are the properties of culture?

42. Both “pretty” and “handsome” mean nice looking. But “pretty” is often used together with “girl”, “woman”, “flower”, etc. “Handsome” frequently appears together with “boy”， “man”,“car”, etc. In what meaning are these two words different?

43. Give examples to show the differences in what can be advertised between English and Chinese culture.

44. How hitchhiking is symbolized in English culture?

V. Translation. (18%)

45. He is not a man to act rashly.

46. She is in a family way.

47. your father(用敬语翻译)

48．您先请进。

49．牛皮纸

50．她是那种宁为鸡首不为凤尾的人。

VI. Discuss the following topics. (20%)

51. In the United States, the black people used to be called as nigers. which is quite offensive. State the euphemisms of nigers in time consequence.

52. Explain the kinds of societies that are divided based on psychological time orientation.