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问答题 - 1、一、病史采集简要病史：女性，66岁，咳嗽、咳痰、气喘加重3天。神志不清1天，即往有慢喘支20年。请按标准住院病历要求，围绕以上主述，将如何进行询问患者现病史及相关病史内容写在答题纸上。
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- 2、二、病历分析——急性肾小球肾炎[病例摘要]男性，9岁，浮肿、血尿10天，进行性少尿8天患儿10天前晨起发现双眼睑浮肿，尿色发红。8天前尿色变浅，但尿量进行性减少，每日130-150ml，化验血肌酐498.6umol/L，拟诊为“肾实质性肾功能不全”，曾给扩容、补液、利尿、降压等处理，病情仍重。3天前甘露醇和中草药交替灌肠，口服氧化淀粉及速尿治疗，尿量增至300-400ml/日。患儿两月来有咽部不适，无用药史，患病以来精神食欲稍差，大便正常，睡眠可。既往曾患“气管炎、咽炎”，无肾病史。查体：T36.9℃,P90次/分，R24次/分，Bp145/80mmHg，发育正常，营养中等，重病容，精神差，眼睑浮肿，结膜稍苍白，巩膜无黄染。咽稍充血，扁桃体I°-II°肿大，未见脓性分泌物，粘膜无出血点。心肺无异常。腹稍膨隆，肝肋下2cm，无压痛，脾未及，移动性浊音(-)，肠鸣音存在。双下肢可凹性水肿。化验：Hb83g/L,RBC2.8×1012/L,网织红1.4%，WBC11.3×109/L,分叶82%，淋巴16%，单核2%，plt207×109/L，ESR110mm/h,尿蛋白(++)，红细胞10-12/高倍，白细胞1-4/高倍，比重1.010，24小时尿蛋白定量2.2g。血生化：BUN36.7mmol/L,肌酐546.60umol/L,总蛋白60.9g/L,白蛋白35.4g/L,胆固醇4.5mmol/L，补体C30.48g/L，抗ASO：800IU/L.
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