2014年考研英语一真题及答案解析

National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM)

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___.

Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort.

Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___.

The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___ modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___ exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

1.A. where B. when  C. that  D. why

2.A. improves  B. fades  C. recovers  D. collapses

3.A. If  B. Unless  C. Once  D. While

4.A. uneven  B. limited  C. damaging  D. obscure

5.A. wellbeing  B. environment  C. relationship  D. outlook

6.A. turns  B. finds  C. points  D. figures

7.A. roundabouts  B. responses  C. workouts  D. associations

8.A. genre  B. functions  C. circumstances  D. criterion

9.A. channel  B. condition  C. sequence  D. process

10.A. persist  B. believe  C. excel  D. feature

11.A. Therefore  B. Moreover  C. Otherwise  D. However

12.A. according to  B. regardless of C. apart from  D. instead of

13.A. back  B. further  C. aside  D. around

14.A. sharpness  B. stability  C. framework  D. flexibility

15.A. forces  B. reminds  C. hurries  D. allows

16.A. hold  B. track  C. order  D. pace

17.A. to  B. with  C. for  D. on

18.A. irregularly  B. habitually  C. constantly  D. unusually

19.A. carry  B. put  C. build  D. take

20.A. risky  B. effective  C. idle  D. Familiar

【参考答案】A B D C A  A C B D C  D A B A D  B D C C B

【试题点评】完型填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇的角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。这部分大家一定要注重思路和寻找线索能力的训练，一般做题的基本思路是，根据已知信息去填空，根据空前后的线索来选择填什么。比方说，题目让考生填主句的内容，那么从句中就会有相应的说明。题目让考生填动词，原文常常在别的地方出现这个动词的同义词。那么如何判断呢？首先根据需要填写动词后面出现的宾语，找到有同一宾语的句子，该句中的动词就是所需填写词的同义词。

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

Text 1

In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency” George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the job centre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?

More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.

Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.

But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency — permanent dependency if you can get it — supported by a state only