五、论述题(第41、42小题各7分，第43小题6分，共20分)
41. Under what conditions will two sounds be assigned to the same phoneme?
42. For the following sentence,  draw a tree diagram to reveal its underlying structure.
        The girl ate the orange.
43. Study the passage taken from Shakespeare’s HAMLET below carefully and identify every difference in expression between Elizabethan and Modern English that is evident.
      King: Where is Polonius?
      Hamlet: In heaven,  Send thither to see.
      If your messenger find him not there,
      seek him i’ the other place yourself.
      But indeed, if you find him not within
      this month, you shall nose him as you
      go up the stairs into the lobby.
                            Act IV,  Scene iii